Maintenance service of automatic transmission

Maintenance service Automatic trancemission consists in visual survey АКПП about presence of a leak of oil, in periodic control and доливе oils to operational level or in need of its replacement and realisation of adjustments (if they are provided by the maintenance instruction). We will consider these questions in more details.





















Approaching to the car, it is long standing on the dry pure basis (in garage, on parking), never be lazy to glance under the bottom of your faithful horse and to take an interest, whether there were under it oil stains. Their presence testifies to leaks of oil which should be eliminated in due time. It concerns not only АКПП, but also the other units of the car having oil greasing. As oil for automatic transmissions has specific colour, you can find out a leak from АКПП, without waiting a case when you will manage to lift the car on the lift.

Remember: timely detection and malfunction elimination reduces negative consequences to a minimum. About a procedure for test of level of oil it was told earlier, and it is not meaningful to repeat, we will remind only of the main thing: control of level of oil is always carried out at the got and heated-up engine to working temperature. Otherwise the error in measurement can reach 20-25 %.

In Automatic trancemission, supplied with a branch pipe for gauging of level of oil, oil is added directly through a branch pipe. For other designs Automatic trancemission the given procedure can appear much more difficult. In this case it is necessary to read attentively the instruction or to address for the help to experts.

Before drop oils from АКПП it is necessary to warm up the engine to working temperature. Then it is necessary to turn off located in the bottom part of the case of a trancemission a stopper of a drain aperture.

Experts recommend to merge oil as it is possible longer that the maximum quantity of old oil has flowed out. The more time you spend on plums, the better.

Simultaneously with oil replacement it is necessary to change the filtering element located, as a rule, inside АКПП for what remove the pallet картера. The additional quantity of old oil Thus merges.

Anyway completely to merge old oil from a box without its dismantling it is not possible, i.e. to replacement is subject from 50 to 80 % of oil.

After installation of the new oil filter the pallet put into place, close a drain aperture a stopper and through a jellied aperture add new oil.

Attention! At uploading fuel or oil replacement remember: in no event it is impossible to pour oil above the specified level. There is a real danger that oil will be grasped"by friction clutches Automatic trancemission. A consequence of it avalanche foaming and emission of the big portion of oil from Automatic trancemission can be.

Some Automatic trancemission cars "Ford", "Crysler", etc. have bolts for adjustment of a free wheeling of brake tapes. Adjusting bolts can settle down both outside, and inside Automatic trancemission.

Operational instructions provide adjustment carrying out at each replacement of oil.

Procedure consists in a tightening of bolts a key with certain effort and отворачивании them on the number of turns specified in the instruction.

Non-observance of the given rule leads in due course to occurrence of proslipping of frictional tapes on separate transfers or to absence of a gear change in general.

Now in Automatic trancemission oils of mark Dexron are applied. They are made by various firms and differ from each other basically colour. The most part of oils has red (ruby) colour, but there are oils of orange and green colours. Oils of different colour are not recommended to be mixed. In the rest they are completely interchangeable. In some modern АКПП special oils are applied, therefore we urgently recommend to follow maintenance instruction instructions.

Average run before oil replacement in АКПП makes 50-70 thousand in km and if the car is maintained in special divisions this term is reduced to 30-40 thousand in km.

At oil replacement it is necessary to change filter AKPP. For this purpose it is better to resort to the help of experts: they can tell about condition АКПП on presence and a kind of adjournment in the pallet.

Non-observance of terms of replacement of oil will not render sharp influence on working capacity Automatic trancemission. However structural changes in oil lead in due course to its deterioration etc. properties that further will lead to more intensive deterioration of rubbing surfaces and reduction of resource Automatic trancemission.

Practical experience shows that addition of any additives in oil АКПП at the best is useless, and in the worst With is capable to deduce Automatic trancemission out of operation. Therefore we recommend to do without additives, to check level of oil more often and in time it to replace.
At each replacement of oil it is necessary to adjust a tension of brake tapes adjusting bolts

Characteristic malfunctions

There is a big group of the malfunctions anyhow leading to falling of level of oil in trancemission.

If, regularly measuring oil level, you have noticed that it has decreased, first of all inspect АКПП about presence of external leaks. They can appear as a result of infringement of integrity of a lining, сальниковых consolidations and etc.

At detection of leakings of their oil it is necessary to eliminate. The more losses, the it is necessary to undertake repair more likely.

Most terribly a leaking around a socket plane картера АКПП and the engine which reason, as a rule, is infringement of tightness of forward epiploon АКПП. Its replacement is connected with transmission removal that is rather labour-consuming and expensive "pleasure".

If oil level in Automatic trancemission falls, and to find out leak traces it is not possible, reasons can be a little.

One of them About malfunction of the vacuum proof-reader used in automatic transmissions of cars "Mercedes", "Ford", "Dzheneral Motors", "Nissan", etc.

Vacuum proof-reader АКПП is connected by a branch pipe to an inlet collector of the engine. In it there is a membrane reacting to degree of depression in a collector.

At break of a membrane oil from internal cavity trancemission is sucked in in an inlet collector of the engine. Thus increases дымность an exhaust, the smoke gets a grey shade. Intensity smoke depends on degree of destruction of a membrane.

In some cases this defect is accompanied by increase of level of oil in the engine.

To specify the diagnosis, at the first suspicion on malfunction of the vacuum proof-reader it is necessary to disconnect from it a branch pipe and a pure match to check up, whether remains in it of oil. At the serviceable vacuum proof-reader the branch pipe should be dry. If in a branch pipe the oil film is found out, the vacuum proof-reader it is necessary to replace.

This malfunction is rather artful, as its external displays are not too appreciable, and consequences can be catastrophic: Automatic trancemission, compelled long time to work at the lowered quantity of oil, will fail, and in it there will be literally no "live" detail.

Oil infiltration in system of cooling of the engine can be other reason of slow fall of level of oil in АКПП in the absence of traces of external leakings.

In the course of work of automatic transmission oil temperature to raise to 150 S.Dlja maintenance of working capacity it it can is necessary to cool that is in most cases reached by embedding of a radiator of oil system AKPP in system of cooling of the engine, filled with antifreeze. At infringement of tightness of an oil radiator oil from it starts to get to an engine radiator. It occurs because at the working engine pressure in radiator trancemission above pressure of system of cooling of the engine.

When the engine is muffled, the picture changes: antifreeze starts to get in трансмиссионное oil.

At the initial stage on an antifreeze surface under a radiator cover it is possible to find out an oil film.

The further development of the given process leads to occurrence эмульсии both in the engine, and in trancemission. Getting inside Automatic trancemission, antifreeze corrodes a glutinous basis of frictional elements that causes отслоение a frictional layer and corrosion of internal elements, and also worsens lubricant properties of oil.

If this process has begun recently replacement of an oil radiator and two-triple washing of a box by oil change are sometimes capable to revive Automatic trancemission to life.

Washing trancemission can be made only trancemissions oil. Application for this purpose of other liquids is inadmissible.

The conclusion is simple: turn on a cover of a radiator of system of cooling of the engine more often and check antifreeze on presence of traces of oil.

One more widespread malfunction About breakage of the tube connecting trancemission with an oil radiator.

Thus for 1С2 minutes from a box all oil merges, and it ceases to function. If thus the driver has stopped at once and has muffled the engine after replacement of a tube and долива oils to demanded level trancemission in 90 % of cases will restore the working capacity.

A number of malfunctions АКПП is connected with wrong adjustment of a cable (draught) of power management, destruction of its braid or breakage of the cable. Thereof there is an absence of automatic switchings, their delay or premature operation. For elimination of a similar malfunction it is necessary to address in a repair truck.

At operation of automatic transmissions with electronic control from the onboard processor happens that during movement on the instrument panel any warning signal is highlighted. Trancemission it ceases to be switched and allows to continue advance only on one transfer, in a so-called security mode.

It means that the computer has found out in chains of management АКПП or in it any malfunctions demanding elimination. The security mode allows to move without sharp accelerations short time, sufficient to reach the nearest technical station. At movement in a security mode frequency of rotation of a cranked shaft of the engine should not exceed 2000 ob. \minutes Non-observance of this rule leads to that the main pressure becomes much more above the box of norm provided by designers. The forward pump, compelled long time to work in an overload mode, does not maintain, and АКПП collapses in the face of literally.

Having reached in a security mode technical station, it is necessary to carry out computer diagnostics of systems AKPP for the purpose of definition of defect and, having found out, to eliminate it.

In summary it would be desirable to tell that all systems of the car are closely interconnected. In most cases normal functioning of one of systems is defined by so stable work of others.

It to the full concerns and automatic transmission for which effective work selection from the engine большей is necessary for capacity, than transmission mechanical demands. As transmission "smoothes" symptoms of many malfunctions of the engine, at breakage nonprofessionals first of all blame automatic transmission while she often appears at anything. By detailed consideration it is found out that transmission is fine, and "has departed" any of engine systems.

Thus, before to be engaged in a transmission, be convinced that the engine, including all its systems (fuel, ignitions, managements), works normally and develops the set capacity.